Hadees ki Qisme
1. Sahih :
Jiske tamaam raawi (riwaayat karne wale) mu’atabar, parhezgaar aur kaabile aitibaar yaaddaasht ke maalik ho aur sanad muttasil ho. (Muttasil ke maayne ‘lagataar’ ke hai, yaani sanad shuru se akhir taq mili hui ho, beech se koi raawi gaayab na ho.
2. Hasan:
Jiske raawi sahi hadees ke raawi ke muqaabale me haafize (yaaddaasht) me toh kam ho, baki sharte (mu’atabar, parhezgaar aur sanad muttasil hone me ) sahi hadees waali maujood ho.
3. Marfoo :
Jiss hadees me kisi Sahabi رضي اللّه عنه ne Nabi Karim صلى الله عليه وسلم ka naam le kar hadees bayaan ki ho, waha Marfoo’ kehlaati hai.
4. Mawqoof:
Jis hadees me kisi Sahabiؓ ne Nabie Karim صلى الله عليه وسلم ka naam liye baghair hadees bayaan ki ho yaa apne khayaal ka izhaar kiya ho waha Mawqoof kehlaati hai.
5. Aahaad:
Jis hadees ke raawi taadaad me mutawaatir hadeeso ke raawiyo se kam ho waha Aahaad kehlaati hai, Aahaad ki teen kisme hai –
1. Mashoor: Jis hadees ke raawi har zamaane mein do se ziyadah rahe ho.
2. Azeez: Jiske raawi har zamaane me kumse kum do rahe ho.
3. Ghareeb: Jis hadees ka raawi har zamaane me kumse kum ek raha ho, aur har raawi mu’atabar, parhezgaar, kaabile aitibaar yaaddaasht ka maalik raha ho aur sanad muttasil ho.
6. Mutawaatir:
Jis hadees ke raawi har zamaane me itne ho jinka jhoot par iqatthe hona mumkin na ho.
7. Maqbool :
Jis hadees ke raawiyo ki diyaanat (imaandaari) aur sacchaai tasleem ho waha hadees Maqbool kehlati hai.
8. Ghair Maqbool:
Jis hadees ke raawiyo ki diyaanat aur sacchaai sandighda (ghair yaqeeni) ho waha Ghair Maqbool kehlati hai.
9. Za’eef:
Jis hadees me na toh sahih hadees ki sharte mawjood ho aur na hi hasan ki. Yaani jis hadees ke raawiyo me koi raawi kam feham, kamzor hafize wala ho yaa sanad me ek yaa ziyadah raawi chooth gaye ho.
10. Mawzu (Mangadhat) :
Jis hadees ka (koi ek bhi) raawi kazzaab (jhootha) ho. ‘Kazzab’ uss raawi ko kehte hai jis se hadees paak me jhooth bolna saabit ho chuka ho.
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